Differences in the kinetics of polymorphic transformation of crystallographic phases of different parity n- alkanes: tricosane C₂₃H₄₈ and tetracosane C₂₄H₅₀ were studied by FTIR spectroscopy. It has been established that a first-order structural phase transition occurs with a change in the symmetry type of the initial orthorhombic or triclinic sub-cells to hexagonal ones through the formation of a number of intermediate rotator phases (R_I, R_II, R_V) depending on the symmetry of the molecules.

The comparison of two different methods of definition carbon nanotubes density was performed, which shows essential difference density values (a three times). Such distinction is due to absence of consideration of real (fractal) structure of this nanofiller surface structure according to the generally accepted methodics, that gives overstated density magnitudes and influences on nanofiller volume content. Such large distinction defines error at analytical estimation of polymer nanocomposites properties.

The analytical structural analysis of aggregation degree of nanofiller in nanocomposites polymer/graphene. It has been shown that this parameter at fixed content of nanofiller is determined by structure of aggregates (tactoids) of graphene in polymer matrix only, characterized by its fractal dimension. The dependence of aggregation degree on dimension of nanofiller tactoids is stronger, than on its content. This circumstance allows to proposed a new variant of percolation relationship for determination of reinforcement degree of polymer nanocomposites, which was confirmed the postulate about dependence of properties of these nanomaterials on structure of nanofiller aggregates. The nanofiller structure itself is defined by formation conditions of nanocomposites, that allows to predict their properties.

The effect of phosphorus content, temperature, and vapor pressure on the melting temperature of phosphorosilicate glass was investigated. It is demonstrated that the melting rate increases with increasing temperature and phosphorus concentration, and that the length and speed of melting are affected by the gas medium in which the melting occurs. The reflow efficiency declines in the following order: pyrogenic steam, wet O₂, dry O₂, dry N₂. It is demonstrated that one method for addressing the problem of lowering the temperature of technological processes is to conduct the melting process at elevated gas medium pressure.

Extrusion dies with flat slot exit cross-section are used for the production of products with a large width to thickness ratio, such as flat films, sheets, coatings. In the work, the KOMPAS-3D software system was used to construct a schematic diagram of a flat slot head. To construct a mathematical model, the ANSYS software package, the Polyflow module, was used. A mathematical model of the process of extrusion of thermoplastic polymeric materials through a flat-slot extrusion head with fishtail collectors has been developed. To assess the homogeneity of the distribution of the polymer melt velocity over the width of the forming channel of the head, a distribution quality factor was introduced that characterizes the spread of the values of output melt velocities along the width of the forming channel of the head relative to the average value

The compatibility of poly (ε-caprolactone) and low-density polyethylene was evaluated by the deformation-strength properties of their blends. Increases in yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at break are characteristic of a mechanically compatible system with high and low polycaprolactone content.

The physicomechanical properties of composite materials were investigated depending on the peanut shell concentration. The peanut shell concentration in the composites was varied in the range from 1 to 30 wt. %. It has been shown that with an increase in the peanut shell concentration in the polymer matrix up to 30 wt. %, the value of strength and elongation at break decreases. The water absorption of composite materials was studied. The carrying out study has shown the potential applicability of peanut shells as natural filler for low density polyethylene.

The work is devoted to the development of a competitive technology for obtaining textile patterns with the requirements of camouflage at night, as well as the rationale for the effectiveness of the use of domestic acrylic polymer aqueous dispersions in pigment coloring of fabrics, including those with camouflage patterns according to the requirements of law enforcement agencies. A new approach to the creation of colors with IR- remission based on the surface modification of camouflage fabric with a pigment-polymer composition is pro- posed. Methods for achieving the tasks set in the work are based on traditional technologies for printing and finishing textile materials. The effectiveness of the developed technologies is confirmed by extensive spectro- photometric studies.

The results of obtaining oil from the fruits of buckthorn buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides L.), grown in natural conditions of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, are presented. Using various physico-chemical meth- ods, oils were obtained and the yields of oil from sea buckthorn fruits from the production methods were de- termined. The data obtained show that extraction with organic solvents yields oil up to 96 %.

The paper shows that the emeraldine base of polyaniline forms an amorphous Langmuir film, while tetraaniline forms a crystalline film corresponding to the EO-II crystal cell. On the contrary, the emeraldine salt of polyaniline protonated with hydrochloric acid forms a crystalline thin film corresponding to the ES-I crystal cell, while tetraaniline protonated with camphorsulfonic acid forms an amorphous monolayer.

In this article, the structure and phase behavior of complexes of amphiphilic wedge-shaped sulfonates and polybases were studied differential scanning calorimetry, polarization optical and atomic force microscopy, as well as wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering. The formation of a supramolecular lamellar structure of these complexes was demonstrated that makes them perspective for fabrication of nanoscaled polymersomes.

Polyaniline was synthesized in the form of emeraldine salt of terephthalic acid (PANI-ES (TPA)). It was shown by UV/vis spectroscopy that the obtained PANI-ES (TPA) has an optical band gap value of 1.59 eV. The conductivity value of the resulting polymer was determined by the four-probe method, which amounted to 1.34/cm. Based on PANI-ES (TPA), a memristive electrical device was assembled, which showed greater stability during operation, compared to a device based on PANI-ES (HCl).

In this work, polylactide/natural rubber composite materials obtained from a solution were studied. The addition of natural rubber to the polylactide matrix increases the elasticity of the composite material. The main factors causing breakage of the polymer chain during biodegradation under environmental conditions are mi- croorganisms, enzymes, and water. Polylactide, despite its hydrophobicity, is well exposed to hydrolytic degra- dation. It has been established that when exposed to water, the structure, and properties of polylactide and composites based on it with the addition of natural rubber change. There is an increase in the PLA melting point by 2 °C and the PLA degree of crystallinity by 4 %. Changes in the chemical structure of the samples were recorded by IR spectroscopy.

In this work, the elastic-strength properties and water absorption of film samples based on polyvinyl alcohol and crushed sunflower husks were obtained and studied. It was revealed that the introduction of a biomodifier reduces strength and water absorption. However, at low concentrations, a slight increase in the elastic modulus was recorded.

The principal advantages of macromolecular design of polyelectrolytes in cooperation with multi-vector pharmacophores for scale-adequate protection against viruses are considered, accounting the viral biopolymeric-nanocomposite nature. New possibilities for polyvalent impacts and combination of multilevel mechanisms: 1 – mediated by an immune stimulation (of antibody, interferon production, etc.), 2 – competition with cell receptors for interception the virions, and 3 – direct blocking the genetic parasites reproduction, are demonstrated.

An energy-saving technique has been developed for the partial carboxylation of powdered lignocellulosic products from the straw of herbaceous plants using microwave radiation to accelerate the pro- cess. It is shown that carboxylation of powdered lignocellulose from oat straw increases the degree of swelling of rubber in aqueous solutions of various mineralization and increases the strength characteristics of rubber in comparison with Na-carboxymethylcellulose.

In this paper, the technological modes of manufacturing radio engineering insulators from fluoroplastics are investigated, the quality and roughness of the surface of the product, its heat resistance, depending on the degree of workpiece reduction, are assessed. Technological regulations for obtaining products have been developed.

The thermal properties of high performan cecomposite materials based on polyetheretherketones have been studied. Fillers have been identified that can significantly improve both thermal and physical-mechanical properties. A relationship has been established between thermal characteristics and the percentage of fillers.

The chemical composition of alluvial sediments in the floodplain section of the Malka River in the lower reaches near the city of Prokhladny was determineed. The influence of the physical and geographical conditions of the region on the chemical composition of alluvial sediments was studied. It was discovered that the formation of the chemical composition of alluvial sediments occurs under the influence of a combination of natural resource features of the Malka River basin.

The proposed work is devoted to the study of the boundary value problem for the modified moisture transfer equation under stochastic conditions and the analysis of mathematical models of moisture transfer with deterministic and non-local boundary conditions.

The work investigates the initial-boundary value problem for the heat conduction equation with a nonlinear load. The unique solvability of the problem under investigation is proven. Its solution is obtained using the Fourier method by reducing it to the classical initial-boundary value problem for the homogeneous heat conduction equation.