It has been shown that level of interfacial adhesion in particulate-filled polymer nanocomposites depends on size of initial nanoparticles and reduces rapidly at their aggregation. The transition from micro- up to nanobehaviour of nanofiller occurs at achievement by fraction division surfaces nanofiller-polymer matrix of its critical value, which serves as criterion of realization of nanoadhesion effect.

It has been shown that the elastic modulus of nanocomposites polymer/organoclay is independent on corresponding parameter for nanofiller, but it is defined by stiffness of interfacial regions, which is larger over one order than stiffness of polymer matrix. The aggregates (tactoids) structure (intercalated one exfoliated one) influences substantially on their modulus of elasticity.

In this work, the process of destruction of a solid substance, similar to evaporation or sublimation, is studied, usually complicated by the presence of a condensed phase in the destruction products (laser ablation). The dependence of the thickness of polyimide ablated per pulse under the action of excimer ArF, KrF, XeCl and XeF lasers as a function of the irradiation dose is obtained.

It is shown that laser ablation is one of the main mechanisms of laser destruction of polymers under the action of laser radiation.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the climatic resistance of epoxy polymers based on the modified Etal-247 resin cured by Etal-45M exposed to natural climatic factors in a temperate continental climate. We reveal the influence of the moisture state, duration of climatic aging and intensity of actinometric parameters on the change in the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity in tension, elongation at maximum load and rupture. We proposed mathematical models and determined their numerical coefficients, which make it possible to describe with a high degree of reliability the change in the elastic-strength parameters of the polymer under study depending on moisture content of the samples, duration of full-scale exposure, and intensity of actinometric parameters.

The features of the formation of interpolymer complexes based on low molecular weight chitosan and a nonionic water-soluble polymer in aqueous solutions are discussed. Complexing properties were studied by spectrophotometric method using aqueous solutions of salts of low-molecular electrolytes CuSO₄ and CoCl₂ for Cu²⁺ and Co²⁺ cations. The study of the dependence of optical density on the concentration of the reagent was carried out under the selected optimal conditions λmax, pH = const, increasing the concentration of the reagent for complete binding of metal ions into the complex under study. To determine the composition of the complex, the minimum amount of reagent required for complete binding of the metal ion to be determined into the complex was established. The data of IR spectroscopy of the obtained complexes are presented.

Composite materials based on low-density polyethylene and polybutyleneterephthalate modified with organoclay have been obtained. The physico-mechanical properties of the resulting composites have been studied. It was found that the introduction of organomodified clay into the polymer mixture of low-density polyethylene/polybutyleneterephthalate leads to a significant change in the main properties: melt viscosity; density; heat resistance and deformation-strength properties of composites. At the same time, the change in properties is due to the influence of organoclay on the morphology of low-density polyethylene/polybutyleneterephthalate composites.

This paper publishes data on the use of nylon microfiber in construction in order to improve the quality of construction, improve the environmental situation, preserve natural resources, through the use of recyclable materials necessary for the manufacture of fiber. Reinforcement with nylon fiber makes it possible to achieve a significant economic effect based on improving the quality of nylon concrete and concrete structures and products, increasing their durability, saving binder, increasing work productivity, reducing the coefficient of steel reinforcement, reducing construction defects. Reinforcement of concrete with nylon fiber makes it possible to increase strength, resistance to aggressive environments and temperature changes. Nylon fiber provides three-dimensional reinforcement of concrete. As a result, during the construction of facilities, the quality of construction improves, the strength of buildings and structures increases, resistance to aggressive environments and temperature changes.

A series of polyurethane coatings was obtained using functionalized multilayer carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) with various chemical surface modifications. The effect of additives on the physical-mechanical and operational characteristics of the synthesized materials was studied. Based on the results obtained, the introduction of fMWCNTs into the composition for obtaining polyurethane coatings contributes to a significant improvement in the physical-mechanical and operational characteristics of the resulting materials.

In this work, the effect of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) on the vulcanization characteristics and the electrophysical and physico-mechanical properties of an elastomeric composition based on nitrile rubber was investigated. It has been established that the use of ZnO:Al as a filler in nitrile rubber makes it possible to reduce the specific volume electrical resistance of the rubber and reproduce the structure of the conductive structure inside the polymer matrix. A decrease in the value of this indicator was observed with the introduction of 5 wt. %. ZnO:Al (1,2 at. %).

The main trends in the modern development of the concept of controlled radical polymerization, as well as specific examples of the application of the methodology of controlled synthesis of macromolecular compounds to obtain high-tech polymers and macromolecular structures, including precursors for the production of carbon fiber and other promising polymer composite materials, are considered.

The processes of polymerization of vinyl monomers in the presence of amine-alkylating agent initiating systems, related polymerization processes caused by donor-acceptor interaction, as well as polymerization of vinyl monomers in the presence of ammonium compounds are considered. It has been established that polymerization in the presence of an amine-alkylating agent initiating system is associated with donor-acceptor interaction and the formation of a charge transfer complex.

Heat flows in a closed chamber of a 3D-printer with delta bot kinematics are investigated. A computer simulation of the distribution of temperatures and air flows in the Autodesk CFD software package was carried out. A uniform heating zone is determined in the 3D-printer chamber with a temperature, that is equal to the low limit of the temperature of the ABS plastic injection mold. The necessity of preheating the printer camera to avoid the effect of delamination of layers is shown. The analysis of the possibility of heating the 3d printer to the upper limit of the mold temperature (70 °C) was carried out.

The results of studies of the effect of radio-frequency (RF) plasma modification on free surface energy and adhesive properties of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) materials. Modification in air plasma leads to an increase in the free surface energy of the studied polymer materials by 34–97 %, adhesion to the epoxy binder by 68–96 % compared to unmodified samples.

Permeability is an important property of porous materials. In some ways of creating porous materials, this property is controlled by the choice of a pore former whose properties and concentration determine the permeability and morphology of the porous structure. An approach based on the estimation of the fractal dimension of the porous structure, in which the percolation of the finite material layer occurs, is described. The percolation condition is considered to be the equality of the cluster diameter to the layer thickness. On its basis, equations were obtained that relate the fractal dimension to the layer thickness, the sizes of percolation clusters, and the fraction of closed pores. According to the above estimates, the fractal dimension decreases, and the morphology of the porous structure becomes more complicated, with a decrease in the layer thickness, a decrease in the size of percolation clusters, and with an increase in the proportion of closed pores.

Macrokinteic parameters of the process of foaming vulcanizates with azodicarbonamide under isothermal conditions in elastomeric materials based on nitrile rubber were determined with use of a melt flow indexer and a moving die rheometer. For compositions differing in the content of zinc oxide as an activator of vulcanization and pore formation processes, the values of the rate constant (k) and reaction orders (n) were calculated, and the extremal nature of the dependence of the activation energy of the pore formation process on the concentration of the activator was established.

The results of studying the graphene nanoplates (GNP) effect on thermal stability of the polydimethylsiloxane rubbers are proposed. GNP obtained by carbonization of biopolymers by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. In the experiment, a silicone rubber compound ELASTOSIL® R401/40 S (Wacker Chemie AG, Germany) used. Analysis of the data a complementary methods complex made it possible to conclude that the introduction of GNP into the formulation as additives increases the heat resistance of silicone rubbers.

The review article describes the methods of obtaining polymers based on naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic diols: ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, butanediol and others developed by domestic and foreign scientists.

Using the methods of scanning electron microscopy, full-profile X-ray phase analysis, measuring the density, thickness of the oxide shell and the modifying coating on the surface of spherical particles of ASD-4 aluminum, the features of the formation of the material formed during sintering of pressed samples in the annealing temperature range of 1073–1173 K in He and in the air mediums were studied. The possibility of obtaining a composite material based on aluminum particles coated with an inorganic V₂O₅·nH₂O gel of a polymeric structure has been established. The synthesized samples of composites have a low specific gravity, low porosity, and increased hardness values.